Because equity require risk premium over bond. Also because of inflation (I aware of deflation) where things like sales will increase in price and fundamental analysis will take these figure as input to calculate fair value.
Other stuff like oil and gold does not have this property. For example an article was saying oil might drop to 10buck as electric car become the norm.
you are talking about different things. an index is built using public companies, generally weighted by market cap.
equity risk premium is what investors expect to capture.
if you look at a stock like DELL, then the IPO was for $30m, the PE buyback $35bln. Clearly if all companies behave like this then indexes will always rise. If PE companies IPO later in the lifecyle, and buyback in a more distressed state then indexes would constantly fall.
_ Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice _ is a 2016 American superhero film featuring the DC Comics characters Batman and Superman. Directed by Zack Snyder and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, the film is the second installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) following 2013’s Man of Steel. It was written by Chris Terrio and David S. Goyer, and features an ensemble cast that includes Ben Affleck, Henry Cavill, Amy Adams, Jesse Eisenberg, Diane Lane, Laurence Fishburne, Jeremy Irons, Holly Hunter and Gal Gadot. Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice is the first live-action film to feature Batman and Superman together, as well as the first live-action cinematic portrayal of Wonder Woman, Aquaman, Flash and Cyborg. In the film, criminal mastermind Lex Luthor manipulates Batman into a preemptive battle with Superman, whom Luthor is obsessed with defeating.