I don’t know what you mean upon “dividends are substrated from net income”. We are
talking about our financial asset (the issuer’ obligation). Therefore dividends are our
income since we are talking from holder not issuer side. AFS is only class of our financial asset if we are holder not an issuer.
If we are talking from an issuer perspective dividends on common stock decrease issuer’s common stock position, concrete retained or current earnings. They are not booked in P/L nor shown in OCI, dividends are shown in Statement of changes in Equity and, in case of cash payoff are noted in CF statement as outflow.