Detecting unit root using AR model

Hi all, Can anybody explain how to do this using AR model, what is the test and what is the null etc. Thanks

Dickey Fuller Signficance means not covariance stationary (has a unity root) Null = no unit root.

The Dickey Fuller test is used to test for presence of a unit root. The model is of the form y{t} - y{t-1} = b0 + g1*y{t-1} + et H0: g1 = 0 means it has a unit root and is not stationary. H1: g1 != 0 means it does not have a unit root and is stationary. If you find it does have a unit root, then re-estimate the regression using the form: y{t} - y{t-1} = b0 + b1*(y{t-1}-y{t-2}) + et

futhermore the DF test for unit root by testing this let y(t)=a+bhat* y(t-1) then DF test y(t)- y(t-1) = a+bmod hat * y(t-1) and testing the for the sig of the coefficitent …hope this helps

bobsters Wrote: ------------------------------------------------------- > The Dickey Fuller test is used to test for > presence of a unit root. The model is of the form > > > y{t} - y{t-1} = b0 + g1*y{t-1} + et > > H0: g1 = 0 means it has a unit root and is not > stationary. > H1: g1 != 0 means it does not have a unit root and > is stationary. > > If you find it does have a unit root, then > re-estimate the regression using the form: > > y{t} - y{t-1} = b0 + b1*(y{t-1}-y{t-2}) + et nice one!!!

does unit root = not covariance stationary or can it be one without the other unit root means that b1 = 1 covariance stationary means that mean, covariance, and variance are not constant but i feel like they go hand in hand

unit root = not covariance stationary LOCK (keep the why’s, when’s and why so’s for after the exam)

> covariance stationary means that mean, covariance, and variance are not constant They have to be constant.

thats what i meant, thx

Dickey Fuller Signficance means not covariance stationary (has a unity root) Null = no unit root. So just to comment if it’s significant you are accepting the null hyp and it has a unit root, correct? That means the t calc falls within the acceptance range?

I hate how Schweser has a different dickey-fuller test. They say that you transform the unit root equation x(t)=b0 + b1x(t-1)+epsilon into: y(t)=b0 + (b1-1)x(t-1) + epsilon where b0+(b1-1)x(t-1)=0 and y(t)=x(t)-x(t-1). Then the Ho hypothesis for significance is Ho: b1=1. But on the test, they may ask what their formula is and I have to memorize that in their formula, Ho:b1=0. Now I have to memorize two separate formulas.

Hi all, I read three ways to do this: 1. Plot data and see visually. 2. Use AR model 3. DF test I am Ok with all except #2. I want to know how number 2 test covariance stationarity/unit root? Thanks

I think you just check the printout and see if the regression parameters and the autocorrelations are all insignificant, then it’s unit root. Someone confirm.

rellison Wrote: ------------------------------------------------------- > I hate how Schweser has a different dickey-fuller > test. They say that you transform the unit root > equation > x(t)=b0 + b1x(t-1)+epsilon > into: > y(t)=b0 + (b1-1)x(t-1) + epsilon where > b0+(b1-1)x(t-1)=0 and y(t)=x(t)-x(t-1). > Then the Ho hypothesis for significance is Ho: > b1=1. But on the test, they may ask what their > formula is and I have to memorize that in their > formula, Ho:b1=0. > Now I have to memorize two separate formulas. Its the same concept pretty much. If you accept schweser’s H0: b1-1 = 0, you’re saying b1 = 1, i.e. unit root. If you accept CFAI’s H0: g1 = 0 then think about it: y{t} - y{t-1} = b0 + g1*y{t-1} + et rearrange that to y{t} = b0 + (1 + g1) * y{t-1} + et so if the H0 is that g1 = 0, and you accept it, then the coefficient of y{t-1} = 1, i.e. unit root.

Dreary Wrote: ------------------------------------------------------- > I think you just check the printout and see if the > regression parameters and the autocorrelations are > all insignificant, then it’s unit root. Someone > confirm. unit root means the coefficient of b1 = 1.

Dreary Wrote: ------------------------------------------------------- > I think you just check the printout and see if the > regression parameters and the autocorrelations are > all insignificant, then it’s unit root. Someone > confirm. ‘autocorrelations are all insignificant’, how does this translate into the fact that covariance stationrity exists or unit root doesn’t exists?

autocorrelation of residuals not significant == model correctly specified. Does model correctly specified mean there’s no unit root ?

bobsters Wrote: ------------------------------------------------------- > autocorrelation of residuals not significant == > model correctly specified. > > Does model correctly specified mean there’s no > unit root ? That is what I am looking to be answered. Schweser says three tests for stationarity: 1. Plot data and see visually. 2. Use AR model 3. DF test

If you have a random walk, then it is not covariance stationary, and you cannot use an AR model to forecast. But, you can make it covariance stationary by doing a first differencing on it, then perform an AR(1) model regression. If the regression parameters and the autocorrelations are all insignificant, i.e., t-stats less than critical, then you know it is not covariance stationary, i.e., it is unit root. This is what I remember from this stuff, but I definitely need to go back and check.

To use AR(k) model, you use t-test=autocorrelation/std_error. std_error = 1/root_square(T-k) with df=T-k-1 (not sure about this, please confirm). Basically it starts from AR(1) till all Null hypotheses(for each lag) are rejected. Null hypothesis i: no autocorrelation for lag i. Never done it in real world, but I will learn SAS after June 7.